When should we use the Passive voice?
1. When we want to change the focus of the sentence:
* The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vince.
(We are more interested in the painting than the artist in this sentence)
2. When who or what causes the action is unknown or unimportant or obvious or 'people in general':
* He was arrested (obvious agent, the police).
* My bike has been stolen (unknown agent).
* The road is being repaired (unimportant agent).
* The form can be obtained from the post office (people in general).
3. In factual or scientific writing:
* The chemical is placed in a test tube and the data entered into the computer.
4. In formal writing, instead of using someone/ people/ they (these can be used in speaking or informal writing):
* The brochure will be finished next month.
5. To put the new information at the end of the sentence to improve style:
* Three books are used regularly in the class. The books were written by Dr. Bell.
('Dr. Bell wrote the books' sound clumsy)
6. When the subject is very long:
* I was surprised by how well the students did in the test.
(More natural than: 'how well the students did in the test surprised me')
1) Present simple.
O + (am/is/are) + V.3
- Ahmed is killed.
- Japanese cars are bought by us every year.
- I’m called darling by my wife.
- Snow covers the mountains.
- The sheep are eaten by the wolves.
- Mohammed kills Ahmed.
- We buy Japanese cars every year.
- My wife calls me darling.
- The mountains are covered with snow.
- The wolves eat the sheep.
2) Present continuous.
O + (am/is/are) + being + V.3
- Ahmed is being killed.
- All the questions are being answered now.
- The city hall is being rebuilt by the council.
- Mohammed is killing Ahmed.
- I’m answering all the questions now.
- The council is rebuilding the city hall.
3) Present perfect.
O + (has/have) + been + V.3
- Ahmed has been killed.
- My father’s books have been sold by him.
- We’ve been invited to the party.
- Her book has been stolen by someone.
- Mohammed has killed Ahmed.
- My father has sold his books.
- The students have invited us to the party.
- Someone has stolen her book.
4) Present perfect continuous.
O + (has/have) + been being + V.3
- Ahmed has been being killed.
- Some rice has been being cooked.
- Mohammed has been killing Ahmed.
- My wife has been cooking some rice.
5) Past simple.
O + (was/were) + V.3
- Ahmed was killed.
- The nice novel was written by her last year.
- May car was taken away by them.
- A present was bought to his wife.
- His wife was bought a present.
- Mohammed killed Ahmed.
- She wrote a nice novel last year.
- They took my car.
- Sami bought a present for his wife.
- Sami went to school. (we can’t do passive it).
6) Past continuous.
O + (was/were) + being + V.3
- Ahmed was being killed.
- The scary movie was being watched by you yesterday.
- Mohammed was killing Ahmed.
- You were watching a scary movie yesterday.
7) Past perfect.
O + had been + V.3
- Ahmed had been killed.
- Egg sandwiches had been eaten by us.
- Mohammed had killed Ahmed.
- We had eaten egg sandwiches.
8) Past perfect continuous.
O + had been being + V.3
- Ahmed had been being killed.
- My car had been being checked by me.
- Mohammed had been killing Ahmed.
- I'd been checking my car.
9) Future simple.
O + will be + V.3
- Ahmed will/shall/be going to be killed.
- We’ll be visited by them tomorrow.
- Adam will be support by him.
- The car will be bought by her.
- Mohammed will/be going to kill Ahmed.
- They will visit us tomorrow.
- He’ll support Adam.
- She’ll buy the car.
10) Future continuous.
O + will be being + V.3
- Ahmed will be being killed.
- The new lesson will be being studied by me at 9.30pm.
- Mohammed will be killing Ahmed.
- At 9.30pm, I will be studying the new lesson.
11) Future perfect.
O + will have been + V.3
- Ahmed will have been killed.
- By night, all the movies will have been watched.
- Mohammed will have killed Ahmed.
- By night, I’ll have watched all the movies.
12) Future perfect continuous.
O + will have been being + V.3
- Ahmed will have been being killed.
- By night, the story will have been being read for 2 hours by me.
- Mohammed will have been killing Ahmed.
- By 8.30pm, I will have been reading story for 2 hours.
13) Future in the past.
O + (was/were) + going to be + V.3
- Ahmed was going to be killed.
- Mohammed would have to kill Ahmed.
14) Used to.
O + used to be + V.3
15) Be going to.
O + (am/is/are) + going to be + V.3
16) Auxiliary Verb.
O + Aux Verb + be + V.3
17) Can – Could – Would – Should – Shall – will – Must – Might – May + V1
Can – Could – Would – Should – Shall – Will – Must – Might – May + Be + V3
- Their cars should not be parked there.
- The house must be cleaned before we arrive.
- They should not park their cars there.
18) S: I – he – she – it – we – you – they.
1. When we want to change the focus of the sentence:
* The Mona Lisa was painted by Leonardo Da Vince.
(We are more interested in the painting than the artist in this sentence)
2. When who or what causes the action is unknown or unimportant or obvious or 'people in general':
* He was arrested (obvious agent, the police).
* My bike has been stolen (unknown agent).
* The road is being repaired (unimportant agent).
* The form can be obtained from the post office (people in general).
3. In factual or scientific writing:
* The chemical is placed in a test tube and the data entered into the computer.
4. In formal writing, instead of using someone/ people/ they (these can be used in speaking or informal writing):
* The brochure will be finished next month.
5. To put the new information at the end of the sentence to improve style:
* Three books are used regularly in the class. The books were written by Dr. Bell.
('Dr. Bell wrote the books' sound clumsy)
6. When the subject is very long:
* I was surprised by how well the students did in the test.
(More natural than: 'how well the students did in the test surprised me')
1) Present simple.
O + (am/is/are) + V.3
- Ahmed is killed.
- Japanese cars are bought by us every year.
- I’m called darling by my wife.
- Snow covers the mountains.
- The sheep are eaten by the wolves.
- Mohammed kills Ahmed.
- We buy Japanese cars every year.
- My wife calls me darling.
- The mountains are covered with snow.
- The wolves eat the sheep.
2) Present continuous.
O + (am/is/are) + being + V.3
- Ahmed is being killed.
- All the questions are being answered now.
- The city hall is being rebuilt by the council.
- Mohammed is killing Ahmed.
- I’m answering all the questions now.
- The council is rebuilding the city hall.
3) Present perfect.
O + (has/have) + been + V.3
- Ahmed has been killed.
- My father’s books have been sold by him.
- We’ve been invited to the party.
- Her book has been stolen by someone.
- Mohammed has killed Ahmed.
- My father has sold his books.
- The students have invited us to the party.
- Someone has stolen her book.
4) Present perfect continuous.
O + (has/have) + been being + V.3
- Ahmed has been being killed.
- Some rice has been being cooked.
- Mohammed has been killing Ahmed.
- My wife has been cooking some rice.
5) Past simple.
O + (was/were) + V.3
- Ahmed was killed.
- The nice novel was written by her last year.
- May car was taken away by them.
- A present was bought to his wife.
- His wife was bought a present.
- Mohammed killed Ahmed.
- She wrote a nice novel last year.
- They took my car.
- Sami bought a present for his wife.
- Sami went to school. (we can’t do passive it).
6) Past continuous.
O + (was/were) + being + V.3
- Ahmed was being killed.
- The scary movie was being watched by you yesterday.
- Mohammed was killing Ahmed.
- You were watching a scary movie yesterday.
7) Past perfect.
O + had been + V.3
- Ahmed had been killed.
- Egg sandwiches had been eaten by us.
- Mohammed had killed Ahmed.
- We had eaten egg sandwiches.
8) Past perfect continuous.
O + had been being + V.3
- Ahmed had been being killed.
- My car had been being checked by me.
- Mohammed had been killing Ahmed.
- I'd been checking my car.
9) Future simple.
O + will be + V.3
- Ahmed will/shall/be going to be killed.
- We’ll be visited by them tomorrow.
- Adam will be support by him.
- The car will be bought by her.
- Mohammed will/be going to kill Ahmed.
- They will visit us tomorrow.
- He’ll support Adam.
- She’ll buy the car.
10) Future continuous.
O + will be being + V.3
- Ahmed will be being killed.
- The new lesson will be being studied by me at 9.30pm.
- Mohammed will be killing Ahmed.
- At 9.30pm, I will be studying the new lesson.
11) Future perfect.
O + will have been + V.3
- Ahmed will have been killed.
- By night, all the movies will have been watched.
- Mohammed will have killed Ahmed.
- By night, I’ll have watched all the movies.
12) Future perfect continuous.
O + will have been being + V.3
- Ahmed will have been being killed.
- By night, the story will have been being read for 2 hours by me.
- Mohammed will have been killing Ahmed.
- By 8.30pm, I will have been reading story for 2 hours.
13) Future in the past.
O + (was/were) + going to be + V.3
- Ahmed was going to be killed.
- Mohammed would have to kill Ahmed.
14) Used to.
O + used to be + V.3
15) Be going to.
O + (am/is/are) + going to be + V.3
16) Auxiliary Verb.
O + Aux Verb + be + V.3
17) Can – Could – Would – Should – Shall – will – Must – Might – May + V1
Can – Could – Would – Should – Shall – Will – Must – Might – May + Be + V3
- Their cars should not be parked there.
- The house must be cleaned before we arrive.
- They should not park their cars there.
18) S: I – he – she – it – we – you – they.
O: Me – him – her – it – us – you - them
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